‘हाम्रै हातमा प्रकृति’
Learn environment science at home
The COVID 19 pandemic has had an immense impact on the education system and has forced us to reconsider the way we teach and learn.
WWF Nepal’s Generation Green and Karkhana Asia are pleased to launch the program ‘हाम्रै हातमा प्रकृति’ a stay at home activity for kids, under parent supervision, as an effort to ease learning from home. By engaging children in creative problem-solving activities in localized DIY formats, we can help them truly understand their curriculum.
Last week, we curated an activity that helped to observe a landslide model on your own titled‘आफैँ जलक्षरण नमुना बनाऔं‘. This week we bring you an activity where you can learn how to make a wind turbine on your own, let’s get started!
DIY: Wind Turbine
आफै हावा घट्ट बनाऔँ !
Ojashwi was in the living room playing with a battery and a bulb when suddenly the bulb stopped glowing because the battery was dead. The TV was playing in the background, and she started thinking about what had just happened.
“The battery I use finishes fast even when I’m only lighting a small bulb. Does the electricity in our home come from a battery too? If there is a battery, then it must be a very huge battery because it has to power the TV, the refrigerator, and other heavy appliances. If the battery dies, who replaces it? Where does the battery come from?”
She asked all these questions to her sister. Her sister smiled and answered, “The electricity in our home never really dies because it does not come from a battery! Instead, it is powered by things that never die–like big rivers, and the wind.”
Ojashwi was very surprised to learn that! She looked outside the window and saw a tree moving because of the wind. She was very curious about how electricity could be generated from wind.
With her sister’s help, she is going to make a wind turbine to see how it can be used to generate electricity. If you are also curious, you should build the turbine with her!
Here is how you can do it.
ओजश्वी आफ्नो सानो टर्चलाइट बालेर खेल्दै थिइन् जब एकास्सी उनको टर्चको ब्याट्री सकियो र टर्च निभ्यो। तर कोठामा भएको टिभी भने चलिरहेको थियो। ओजश्वीले त्यो कसरी भयो भनेर सोच्न थालिन्।
“मैले चलाउने ब्याट्री त यति सानो बत्ति बाल्दा पनि एकैछिनमा सकिन्छ। हाम्रो घरमा आउने बिजुली पनि कुनै ब्याट्रीकै हो कि? यदि हो भने त, त्यो ब्याट्री निकै ठुलो होला। नत्र यति धेरै कुराहरु चलाउदा सक्किहाल्नुपर्ने हो। अनि त्यो ठूलो ब्याट्री सकियो भने कसरी फेर्छन होला? त्यो ब्याट्री कहाँ हुन्छ होला?” ओजश्वीले यस्तै प्रश्नहरु आफ्नी दिदीलाई सोधिन्।
दिदीले मुस्कुराउदै भन्नुभयो, “हाम्रो घरमा आउने बिजुली कहिल्यै सकिदैन किनभने त्यो त ब्याट्री बाट होइन, कहिल्यै नसकिने कुराहरुबाट निकालिन्छ, जस्तै कि ठूला खोलाहरु, अनि बेस्सरी लाग्ने हावा-हुरी।”
ओजश्वी छक्क परिन्! उनले घरबाहिर हेरिन् र हावामा हल्लिरहेको रुख देखिन्। हावाबाट कसरी बिजुली निस्किने रहेछ भनेर उनलाई खुल्दुली भयो।
आज दिदीको सहयोग लिएर ओजश्वीले हावाबाट चल्ने घट्ट बनाएर त्यसबाट बिजुली कसरी निकाल्न सकिन्छ भनेर बुझ्न खोज्दैछिन्। यदि तपाई पनि जान्न चाहनु हुन्छ भने आफ्नै हावा घट्ट बनाउनुहोस।
Materials Required
- Construction paper/Hard paper
- Paper
- Food sticks
- Straw
- Masking tape
चाहिने सामग्रीहरू
- बाक्लो कागज
- फुड स्टिक
- स्ट्र
- टेप
- कैंची
Step 1
Take a construction paper of length 20 cm and breadth 15 cm. Fold it into two equal halves.
एउटा २० सेमी लामो र १५ सेमी चौडा बाक्लो कागज लिनुहोस्। त्यो कागजलाई आधा हुने गरी पट्याउनुहोस्।
Step 2
Fold the paper again into equal halves.
कागजलाइ फेरी आधा हुने गरी पट्याउनुहोस्।
Step 3
Unfold the paper. Draw a straight line across the length around 3-4 cm from the top. Poke two holes on the fold creases on the side.
पट्याएको कागज खोल्नुहोस्। माथि बाट ३-४ सेमी तल एउटा सिधा रेखा खिच्नुहोस्। त्यो रेखामा र पट्याएको छेउका खोचमा पर्ने गरी प्वाल पार्नुहोस्।
Step 4
Cut two small rectangles from a construction paper of the same size. Make a cut halfway through the centre of both the pieces.
अब फेरी बाक्लो कागजका दुइ साना एउटै आकारका चतुर्भुज काट्नुहोस। दुवै टुक्राको बिचमा चित्रमा देखाएजस्तै गरी काट्नुहोस्।
Step 5
Insert the cut of one piece of construction paper into the cut of another piece to form a X shaped shape. This will work as our paper turbine.
एउटा टुक्राको बिचलाइ अर्को टुक्राको बिचमा अड्काउनुहोस्। अब यो टुक्रा ‘X’ आकारको देखिनेछ। यो हाम्रो चक्का हुनेछ।
Step 6
Stick a food stick to the centre of the paper turbine with some tape.
चक्काको बिचमा टेपले एउटा फुड स्टिक टाँस्नुहोस्।
Step 7
Insert the food stick into the holes in the paper from step 3.
अब फुड स्टिकलाइ स्टेप ३ मा बनाएको दुइटा प्वालमा छिराउनुहोस्।
Step 8
Roll the paper to make a square and stick it close with a tape.
कागजलाई बेरेर बर्गाकार बनाउनुहोस् र टेपले बन्द गर्नुहोस्।
Step 9
Take a straw, you can also use a small piece remaining from other projects.
एउटा स्ट्र लिनुहोस्। अरु कुनै प्रयोग गर्दा बाकी रहेको सानो टुक्रा भएपनि हुन्छ।
Step 10
Now blow the turbine from the top using the straw. You will see the turbine rotating.
अब स्ट्रले चक्काको माथि फुक्नुहोस्। चक्का घुम्न थाल्नेछ।
Time for Science/ हावा घट्टले कसरी काम गर्छ?
When you blow air into the turbine using the straw, the turbine starts to rotate. As the turbine is connected to a shaft, the wind energy is transferred to the shaft converting into kinetic energy in the spinning shaft. To produce electrical energy, this spinning shaft is connected to a generator. The turbine in this system is the wheel and the shaft which transfers energy from one component to the other is the axle.
The wheel and axle can multiply the force. This can be achieved by using the larger size of wheels. So when you increase the size of the wheel, keeping the axle size constant, you can multiply the resulting force.
Some regions of our country have high speed winds blowing throughout the year. We can set up large turbines there to produce electricity to power many cities and villages.
जब तपाईले चक्काको माथि फुक्नुहुन्छ, चक्का घुम्न थाल्छ। चक्कासंग जोडिएको डन्डी पनि घुम्न थाल्छ र यसरी हावाको उर्जा डन्डीको गतिज उर्जामा परिणत हुन्छ। यो प्रणालीबाट बिजुली निकाल्न डन्डीलाइ जेनेरेटरमा जोडेर जेनेरेटर घुमाइन्छ। यो प्रणालीको चक्कालाइ चक्र भनिन्छ र डन्डीलाई धुरा भनिन्छ।
चक्र र धुराको प्रयोग गरेर बललाई बढाउन सकिन्छ। यसको लागी चक्रको आकार ठुलो बनाउन सकिन्छ।
हाम्रो देश र विश्वका विभिन्न भागमा वर्षभरी हावा लागीरहन्छ। त्यस्ता ठाउहरुमा ठुला हावा बिद्युत परियोजना स्थापना गरेर धेरै गाउँ तथा सहरहरूलाई बिजुली दिन सकिन्छ।